![]() ![]() The second one regards implications for human pathology (ies) related to the adult phenotype of the Otx1/ mice. The first one regards their early function and contributes to a discussion on the evolution of the brain. This review deals with the major aspects related to the roles played by Otx1 and Otx2 in the development and evolution of the mammalian brain. The role of Otx genes in the morphogenesis of the brain can be considered from two points of view. Some of these properties appear particularly fascinating when considered in evolutionary terms and highlight the central role of Otx genes in the establishment of the genetic program defining the complexity of a vertebrate brain. Moreover, they demonstrate that the otd and Otx genes in both flies and mice are essential for the development of the peripheral and central neurons of their. Findings from several groups now confirm the importance of Otx2 in the early specification of neuroectoderm destined to become fore–midbrain, the existence of an Otx gene dosage‐dependent mechanism in patterning the developing brain, and the involvement of Otx1 in corticogenesis. Among these, Otx1 and Otx2 play a pivotal role in several processes of brain morphogenesis. In the last decade, a number of genes related to the induction, specification and regionalization of the brain were isolated and their functional properties currently are being dissected. Using the yeast one-hybrid screen with a bait containing the Ret 4 site from the bovine rhodopsin promoter, we have cloned a new member of the family, Crx (Cone rod homeobox). Otx1 and Otx2 in the development and evolution of the mammalian brain Otx1 and Otx2 in the development and evolution of the mammalian brain Otx1 and Otx2 display a dynamic expression pattern in the developing head and sense organs, with a characteristic expression domain at 10.5 days postcoitum (dpc) over the whole prosencephalon and mesencephalon ( Simeone et al. The otd/Otx gene family encodes paired-like homeodomain proteins that are involved in the regulation of anterior head structure and sensory organ development. ![]()
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